Inlays and onlays are often referred to as partial crowns. They use the existing tooth as a base and fit the inlay or onlay onto the tooth. This is done to strengthen the tooth, restore its shape, and prevent further damage. An inlay is done when there is no damage to the cusps of the tooth and the inlay can be placed right on the tooth. An inlay is used when the damage is a little more extensive.
A dental inlay and onlay procedure is a restorative treatment used to repair teeth that have moderate decay or damage but do not require a full crown. Inlays and onlays act as durable fillings that strengthen the tooth while preserving as much of its natural structure as possible.
•Inlays fit inside the grooves of the tooth and are used when there is no damage to the tooth cusps (the raised points of the tooth).
•Onlays cover a larger portion of the tooth, including one or more cusps, providing extra reinforcement.
This procedure is a long-lasting, conservative alternative to traditional fillings or crowns, offering both functional and aesthetic benefits.
How the Dental Inlay and Onlay Procedure Works
The process involves multiple steps, ensuring a precise fit and durable restoration. Below is a breakdown of the procedure from start to finish.
Step 1: Removing Tooth Decay
Before placing an inlay or onlay, the dentist first removes any decayed or damaged portions of the tooth. This step is crucial for preventing further decay and infection. The area is then thoroughly cleaned to prepare for restoration.
Dentists use local anesthesia to numb the area, ensuring a pain-free experience. For those with anxiety, sedation options such as nitrous oxide or oral sedation may also be available.
Step 2: Taking an Impression for a Custom Fit
Once the tooth is prepped, the dentist takes an impression (mold) of the tooth. This can be done using:
- Traditional impressions (a putty-like material)
- Digital scans (3D imaging for a precise model)
The mold is then sent to a dental lab, where technicians craft a custom inlay or onlay that fits perfectly over the tooth. This process typically takes 2–3 weeks.
Step 3: Temporary Inlay or Onlay Placement
Because the permanent restoration takes time to manufacture, the dentist places a temporary inlay or onlay to protect the tooth. This temporary piece:
✔ Prevents sensitivity
✔ Maintains the tooth’s shape
✔ Allows you to eat normally
Patients should avoid sticky or hard foods to prevent damage to the temporary restoration.
Step 4: Crafting the Permanent Restoration
At the dental lab, skilled technicians create a custom inlay or onlay using high-quality materials, such as:
- Porcelain – Matches natural teeth and is stain-resistant
- Gold – Extremely durable and long-lasting
- Composite resin – Aesthetic and cost-effective
The chosen material is shaped and polished to blend seamlessly with the tooth.
Step 5: Bonding the Inlay or Onlay to the Tooth
Once the final restoration is ready, the patient returns for their second appointment. The dentist:
✔ Removes the temporary restoration
✔ Ensures the permanent inlay or onlay fits perfectly
✔ Bonds it securely to the tooth using strong dental cement
✔ Polishes the surface for a smooth and natural look
After placement, the inlay or onlay functions just like a natural tooth, restoring both strength and aesthetics.
Benefits of the Dental Inlay and Onlay Procedure
The dental inlay and onlay procedure offers several advantages over traditional fillings and crowns:
✅ Stronger than fillings – Prevents further tooth damage
✅ Preserves more natural tooth structure – Unlike crowns, which require more reshaping
✅ Seamless appearance – Blends naturally with your teeth
✅ Durable and long-lasting – Can last 10–30 years with proper care
✅ Resistant to staining – Especially porcelain and gold inlays/onlays
✅ Prevents bacteria buildup – Creates a tight seal against further decay
How Long Do Inlays and Onlays Last?
With proper oral hygiene, inlays and onlays can last anywhere from 10 to 30 years. Their longevity depends on:
- Material used (gold lasts the longest)
- Biting and chewing habits
- Oral hygiene routine (brushing and flossing)
- Regular dental checkups
Avoiding chewing on hard objects (like ice or pen caps) can also extend their lifespan.
Dental Inlay vs. Onlay: What’s the Difference?
| Feature | Inlay | Onlay |
|---|---|---|
| Coverage | Fits within the grooves of the tooth | Covers one or more cusps |
| Damage Level | Moderate decay without cusp involvement | Larger decay or damage extending to the cusp |
| Strength | Strengthens the tooth from within | Provides extra reinforcement for weak teeth |
| Commonly Used For | Minor cavities | Large cavities or fractured teeth |
Is the Dental Inlay and Onlay Procedure Right for You?
This procedure is ideal for those who:
✔ Have moderate tooth decay (not severe enough for a crown)
✔ Want a longer-lasting alternative to fillings
✔ Prefer a natural look that blends with their teeth
✔ Need a durable restoration that withstands wear and tear
However, if the tooth is severely damaged, a dental crown may be a better option.
Aftercare Tips for Inlays and Onlays
To maintain your restored tooth:
- Brush twice daily with a fluoride toothpaste
- Floss daily to remove food particles around the restoration
- Avoid sticky or hard foods in the first few days after placement
- Schedule regular dental visits to check for any wear or damage
If you experience discomfort or sensitivity, inform your dentist—they may need to make minor adjustments.
Frequently Asked Questions
How long does the dental inlay and onlay procedure take?
➡ The procedure typically requires two visits: one for preparation and impressions, and a second for bonding the permanent restoration.
Is the procedure painful?
➡ No. Local anesthesia ensures a comfortable experience. Some mild sensitivity may occur after placement but usually resolves quickly.
Are inlays and onlays better than fillings?
➡ Yes, they provide better durability, strength, and longevity compared to traditional fillings.
Can I eat normally after getting an inlay or onlay?
➡ With the permanent restoration, yes! However, avoid sticky or hard foods for the first few days.
The dental inlay and onlay procedure is an excellent choice for restoring damaged teeth with durability, aesthetics, and function. By preserving natural tooth structure and offering long-lasting results, inlays and onlays are a superior alternative to traditional fillings. If you’re considering this procedure, consult with your dentist to see if it’s right for you!